Prosper, v. i.
1. To be successful; to succeed; to be fortunate or prosperous; to thrive; to make gain. They, in their earthly Canaan placed, Long time shall dwell and prosper. Milton.
2. To grow; to increase. [Obs.] Black cherry trees prosper even to considerable timber. Evelyn.
1 other Webster entry under this spelling
Prosper, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Prospered; p. pr. & vb. n. Prospering.]
To favor; to render successful. "Prosper thou our handiwork." Bk. of Common Prayer. All things concur toprosper our design. Dryden.
Shades of meaning
Fernald has no entry of its own for prosper; he lists it under succeed.
He lists it without comment; the entries above explain its neighbors.