Foreigner, n.
A person belonging to or owning allegiance to a foreign country; one not native in the country or jurisdiction under consideration, or not naturalized there; an alien; a stranger. Joy is such a foreigner, So mere a stranger to my thoughts. Denham. Nor could the majesty of the English crown appear in a greater luster, either to foreigners or subjects. Swift.
Shades of meaning
Fernald has no entry of its own for foreigner; he lists it under alien.
Where he writes about it:
A naturalized citizen is not an alien, though a foreigner by birth, and perhaps a stranger in the place where he resides. — from alien
The people of any country still residing in their own land are, strictly speaking, foreigners to the people of all other countries, rather than aliens; but alien and foreigner are often used synonymously. — from alien